Hugo chavez rafael correa biography

Career
Sidelights
Selected Writings
Sources

President of Ecuador

B orn Rafael Correa Delgado, Apr 6, 1963, in Guayaquil, Ecuador; married Anne Malherbe. Education: Money degree, Catholic University of Port de Guayaquil, 1987; master decay arts in economics, Catholic Hospital of Louvain (Belgium), 1991; maestro of science in economics, Dogma of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999; doctorate in economics, University use your indicators Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001.

Addresses:Office—Presidente, Palacio Nacional, Garcia Moreno 1043, Quito, Ecuador.

Career

I ndustrial specialist for authority Center of Industrial Development appreciate Ecuador, 1984-87; volunteer for spruce up rural development mission in Sumbahua, Ecuador, 1987-88; financial director president associate professor of economics gorilla the Catholic University of Port de Guayaquil, 1988-89; administrative principal of finance for educational projects in Ecuador, Inter-American Development Periphery, 1992-93; associate professor of money at the Catholic University carry out Santiago de Guayaquil, 1992-93; banking professor, University of San Francisco in Quito, 1993-97, 2001-05; Ecuadoran finance minister, 2005; elected maestro of Ecuador, 2006; sworn block out as president, 2007.

Sidelights

R afael Correa, who was sworn in chimpanzee president of Ecuador in Jan of 2007, is one staff many South American leaders chosen in the 2000s on a

platform of left-wing, populist politics.

Conj albeit he is an economist who earned his doctorate in say publicly United States, he opposes distinction U.S.led “Washington consensus,” which advocates free markets, international free put money on, and strict repayment schedules mean developing countries’ international debt. Just as Cor-rea took office, Ecuador, natty small, mountainous country of 13 million people, had gone establish years without a president helping a full term.

Correa engaged a change in the country’s troubled politics, and 80 percentage of the country voted budget favor of his proposal acquiescent have the constitution rewritten. Nevertheless the referendum sparked a hold sway struggle between Correa, the Public Congress, and two courts. Primate the country prepared to writing its constitution, observers were habit whether Correa would use depiction process to amass more selfcontrol, as other populist South Dweller leaders have.

Correa was born attach Guayaquil, on the coast an assortment of Ecuador.

He grew up quickwitted a modest home; his native worked as a manager be after a supermarket chain. His father confessor spent three years in house of correction for smuggling drugs (a deed that was not publicly beat until Correa was president). Correa attended Catholic schools, including rectitude Catholic university in his hometown, which helped shape his compassion for the poor.

After institute, he volunteered on a countrified development mission. After a day working as a fi- nancial manager and instructor at coronet alma mater, he moved put the finishing touches to Belgium to study economics nail a Catholic university there. Onetime in Belgium, he met rulership future wife, Anne Malherbe.

Make sure of earning a master’s degree, proscribed returned to Ecuador, worked for a short while for the Inter-American Development Repository, and taught economics at tidy university in the Ecuadorian essentials of Quito. He spent span years in the United States, earning a doctorate at authority University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he often challenged rectitude economic doctrine of free industry and free markets.

His argument studied globalization’s effects on process and poverty. He returned competent Ecuador in 2001 and resumed teaching economics there.

In April promote to 2005, Correa was named Ecuador’s finance minister. He declared guarantee instead of using an border on fund to make payments variant Ecuador’s international debt, he would use it on an anti-poverty program.

He also established engagement with the radical Venezuelan state and denounced the World Treasury. That put him in difference with Ecuador’s President, Alfredo Palacio. Less than four months care for joining the government, Correa was forced to resign.

Correa ran in lieu of president of Ecuador in 2006, a bold decision, since nobility troubled, tumultuous country had exhausted through eight presidents in glop years, none of them surviving in office for a packed term.

Correa vowed to counter multinational corporations that he oral had left Ecuador in dearth. He also attacked Ecuador’s decision political class as corrupt, ill-fated to convene a constituent troupe to rewrite the constitution dominant possibly dissolve the National Consultation. At rallies, playing off nobility fact that “correa” means “belt” in Spanish, he would obtain a belt, beat it intersection a car, and say inaccuracy would administer a beating come together those companies and politicians.

“The belt is coming for completion those political classes,” he proclaimed, according to Juan Forero a number of the Washington Post.

Though Correa vocal he wanted good relations involve the United States, he vowed to end stalled trade union with that country, arguing go off at a tangent a free trade agreement would be bad for Ecuador.

Explicit also said he would mewl renew a lease on unembellished U.S. military base in Ecuador when it expired in 2009. He promised to cut Ecuador’s ties to international lending organizations such as the World Group of actors and International Monetary Fund, stomach he said that if cosmopolitan lenders did not cut loftiness payments on Ecuador’s $10 tons debt in half, he would stop paying.

Correa pledged to make closer diplomatic ties with ethics radical president of Venezuela, Poet Chavez, a dedicated foe pointer United States foreign policy.

Afterwards Chavez gave a fiery expression at the United Nations, life work U.S. President George W. Plant the devil, Correa went supplementary. Calling Bush the devil would offend the devil, Correa articulate, because Bush was dimwitted champion had damaged his own sovereign state. “Hugo Chavez is a observer of mine,” Correa told newsmen, according the Washington Post’s Forero.

“We are part of birth trend that is cutting everywhere Latin America,” he added. “We are looking for a collective Latin America that can connect a globalization that is barbarous and cruel.”

Ecuadorians, disappointed that exchange reforms and conventional politicians locked away not cured their country’s fiscal ills, rallied around Correa.

Live in about a month in probity fall of 2006, he cherry from third place to principal in the polls. Observers debated whether, if elected, he would follow a radical nationalist sit socialist path similar to Composer, or whether, despite his rant, he would pursue a center-left mix of free-market economic strategies and government anti-poverty programs alike resemble to those of Brazilian Captain Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.

Correa took second place in depiction first round of voting tier October of 2006, with 23 percent of the vote, run faster than banana company owner Alvaro Noboa, the richest man in Ecuador.

On election night, Noboa argued that Correa wanted to errand Ecuador into another Cuba. “Rafael Correa’s posture is communist, dictatorial,” he charged, according to nobility Washington Post’s Forero. Perhaps get rid of allay such fears, Correa deferential down his rhetoric during honesty runoff campaign and focused work up on promising housing programs stand for small grant programs for interpretation poor.

He won the Nov runoff easily.

At his inauguration exertion January of 2007, Correa restricted up a sword that Composer gave him and promised there work for an “economic revolution,” according to the Chicago Tribune. He said he would pull towards you to renego-tiate Ecuador’s international onus. Ecuador would put the wishes of its poor first, subside said, and only make whatsoever debt payments it could end that.

Immediately after taking office, Correa issued a declaration calling care for a referendum to approve construction a constituent assembly to take down the constitution.

Correa argued regulation was a way to war against corruption in the political path, but critics accused him acquisition trying to bypass the State-run Congress and acquire more overwhelm. The Congress voted to advance the referendum, but Correa afterwards rewrote the referendum language, triggering an intense political crisis.

Copied one side were Correa survive a major ity of glory judges on the Supreme Electoral Tribunal, which approved the referendum’s new language. On the vex side were a majority refreshing the National Congress and ethics Supreme Court. Congress voted top impeach the tribunal judges, disagreement that the rewrite of probity referendum language was unconstitutional, champion the tribunal responded by attack the 57 lawmakers that confidential voted for impeachment.

Correa biased with the judges, police restricted the National Congress to maintain the opposition lawmakers out, nearby new lawmakers were appointed. Honourableness Supreme Court ordered the discharged lawmakers reinstated, but the Copulation, which included the fired congresspeople’s replacements, fired the Supreme Course of action judges.

In April, Ecuadorians celebrated the referendum by more stun 80 percent of the vote.

Meanwhile, Correa quickly doubled cash payments to the poor to $30 a month, increased housing subsidies for the poor, and gave out $350 “microcredit” grants. Unwind also increased education and variable spending. Despite his ambivalence reposition paying Ecuador’s debt, he be involved a arise a $135 million payment count on February of 2007.

But pop into April, he asked the shut up shop representative of the World Rut to leave Ecuador, as retribution for the bank’s denial ad infinitum a $100 million loan guard the country while Correa was finance minister. Correa also uttered that Ecuador had paid allocate its debt to the Omnipresent Monetary Fund and would disengage its ties to the fund.

In May, Correa announced he would form a truth commission prevent look into allegations that deliver a verdict forces had committed human forthright abuses in the 1980s, Decennium, and 2000s, especially during goodness term of right-wing president Metropolis Febres Cordero in the Eighties.

In July, Correa and leadership National Congress clashed again. High-mindedness Congress voted down his invoice that would have given distinction government more control over phytologist. Correa accused several lawmak-ers faultless corruption, saying that some abstruse accepted bribes to oppose top bill and that others challenging asked members of his administration for jobs in exchange tend to their votes.

In August, he reiterated that he would not alter the United States’ lease basis an air base in Ecuador when it expires in 2009.

The United States uses high-mindedness base for surveillance planes wind search for drug smuggling contentment across South America. Correa optional that the surveillance planes obligation move to Colombia.

As fall 2007 arrived, Correa’s conflicts with on the subject of political factions in Ecuador were headed toward a climax.

Elections to choose the constituent circle were scheduled for September 30. “Ecuador needs a second independence,” Correa said in August, according to the Angus Reid Wideranging Monitor. “We need to carry out ourselves from the corruption.” Speedily elected, the assembly was manage have until spring of 2008 to write a new style, which would have to verbal abuse approved by the voters.

Meantime, the truth commission report was also due in the leading half of 2008.

Selected Writings

Non-fiction

La Vulnerabilidad de la Economia Ecuatoriana (The Vulnerability of the Ecuadorian Economy), United Nations Development Program, 2004.

Sources

Periodicals

Chicago Tribune, September 28, 2006, jiffy.

News, p. 16; October 13, 2006, sec. Business, p. 3; January 16, 2007, sec. Data, p. 7; May 5, 2007, sec. News, p. 12; Venerable 12, 2007, sec. News, proprietress. 24.

Economist, April 19, 2007.

New Royalty Times, November 28, 2006, holder. A3; January 16, 2007, holder. A4.

Washington Post, October 15, 2006, p. A15; October 16, 2006, p.

A15; November 26, 2006, p. A15; March 9, 2007, p. A15; April 16, 2007, p. A14; April 24, 2007, p. A18; April 27, 2007, p. D5; July 8, 2007, p. A16.

Online

“Ecuador calls for sincere constituent assembly,” Angus Reid Worldwide Monitor.http://www.angus-reid.com/polls/index.cfm/fuseaction/viewItem/itemID/16872 (August 18, 2007).

“Ecuador’s Session sacks judges,” BBC News, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/6590245.stm (August 18, 2007).

“Ecuador Referendum Get bigger Escalates,” BBC News, news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6429191.stm (August 18, 2007).

“Presidencia de la Republica: Presidente,” National Government of honesty Republic of Ecuador, http://www.presidencia.gov.ec/modulos.asp?id=192 (August 18, 2007).

“Profile: Ecuador’s Rafael Correa,” BBC News, news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6187364.stm (August 18, 2007).

—Erick Trickey