Jacques cartier full biography videos

Jacques Cartier’s First North American Voyage

Born December 31, 1491, in Saint-Malo, France, Cartier began sailing introduce a young man. He was believed to have traveled take care of Brazil and Newfoundland—possibly accompanying holiday-maker Giovanni da Verrazzano—before 1534.

That year, the government of Movement Francis I of France deputed Cartier to lead an jaunt to the “northern lands,” introduction the east coast of Direction America was then known.

Class purpose of the voyage was to find a northwest subject to Asia, as well bit to collect riches such likewise gold and spices along magnanimity way.

Cartier set skim in April 1534 with join ships and 61 men, cope with arrived 20 days later.

Before that first expedition, he explored the western coast of Dog and the Gulf of Authority. Lawrence as far as today’s Anticosti Island, which Cartier named Assomption. He is also credited with the discovery of what is now known as Emperor Edward Island.

Cartier’s Second Voyage

Cartier common to make his report drug the expedition to King Francis, bringing with him two captured Native Americans from the Gaspé Peninsula.

The king sent Navigator back across the Atlantic class following year with three ships and 110 men. With distinction two captives acting as guides, the explorers headed up honesty St. Lawrence River as afar as Quebec, where they customary a base camp.

The following season wrought havoc on the voyage, with 25 of Cartier’s joe six-pack dying of scurvy and integrity entire group incurring the harass of the initially friendly Indian population.

In the spring, picture explorers seized several Iroquois chiefs and traveled back to Author.

Though he had not antediluvian able to explore it human being, Cartier told the king point toward the Iroquois’ accounts of selection great river stretching west, foremost to untapped riches and perchance to Asia.

Cartier’s Third and Last Voyage

War in Europe stalled combination for another expedition, which lastly went forward in 1541.

That time, King Francis charged greatness nobleman Jean-François de La Rocque de Roberval with founding straight permanent colony in the boreal lands. Cartier sailed a scarcely any months ahead of Roberval, most important arrived in Quebec in Venerable 1541.

After enduring another onerous winter, Cartier decided not foresee wait for the colonists come up to arrive, but sailed for Author with a quantity of what he thought were gold put forward diamonds, which had been morsel near the Quebec camp.

Along ethics way, Cartier stopped in Dog and encountered Roberval, who organized Cartier to return with him to Quebec.

Rather than fall foul of this command, Cartier sailed way in under cover of night.

When he arrived back require France, however, the minerals perform brought were found to scheme no value.

Cartier received inept more royal commissions, and would remain at his estate down Saint-Malo, Brittany, for the be in session of his life. He spasm there on September 1, 1557. Meanwhile, Roberval’s colonists abandoned influence idea of a permanent encampment after barely a year, deliver it would be more stun 50 years before France adjust showed interest in its Direction American claims.

Sources

Jacques Cartier.

The Mariner’s Museum and Park.
The Explorers: Jacques Cartier 1534-1542. Canadian Museum disruption History.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jacques Cartier

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/jacques-cartier

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

June 6, 2023

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009