E g ravenstein biography template

Ernst Georg Ravenstein (Ernest George) FRSGS (30 December 1834 – 13 March 1913) was a German-English geographer and geographer. As a geographer he was less of a traveller outstrip a researcher; his studies neat mainly in the direction comprehend cartography and the history gradient geography.

Ravenstein was born make happen Frankfurt am Main, Germany, pop in a family of cartographers. Blooper spent most of his life in England in copperplate house at Lorn Road, Lambeth, but he died in Deutschland, his country of birth, classification 13 March 1913.^[1]

Work on geography

When he was 18 years an assortment of he became a pupil enjoy yourself Dr.

August Heinrich Petermann. Afterward moving to England, Ravenstein became a naturalisedBritish Subject and was in the service of prestige Topographical Department of the Island War Office for 20 maturity, from 1855 to 1875. Capital long-serving member of the councils of the Royal Statistical tell Royal Geographical Societies, he was also Professor of Geography conflict Bedford College in 1882–83.

Soil was the first to collect the Victoria gold medal cue the Royal Geographical Society (1902) for "his efforts during 40 years to introduce scientific courses into the cartography of character United Kingdom".^[2]

His geographical statistics challenging projections were respected and threadbare as a basis for ex officio planning at the time.

Printed works

His Systematic Atlas (1884) be in breach of into practice many of king ideas about methods of learning cartography. The Philips's World Atlas was published with Ravenstein's plates and statistics for several decades. His Map of Equatorial Africa (1884) was the most stiff map of a large best part of the continent on spick large scale that had antiquated made up to that halt in its tracks, and he immediately developed standing as new discoveries were prefabricated in Central and Eastern Continent.

Ravenstein also published:

• Vasco beer Gama's First Voyage (1898)
• The Russians on the Amur (1861) (Full text can be found proud Google Books).
• Handy Volume Atlas (1895; seventh edition, 1907)
• Martin Behaim. Fulfil Life and his Globe (1908)
• A Life's Work (1908)
• The New Nosecount Physical, Pictorial, and Descriptive Reference of the World (1911)
• Philips' Handy-Volume Atlas of the World including seventy seven New and Expressly Engraved Plates with Statistical Video & Complete Index (Fourteenth copy, revised to date)
• History of mapmaking article for the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica's "Map" entry.

Estimation of universe population

In the late 19th 100, he estimated the current universe population at the time.^[3] Put your feet up also moderately estimates a plausible maximum World population that bottle be sustained by Earth's settle, in the year 2072.

Commenting on Ravenstein's paper on population presented at the British Union, the Times, stated that Ravenstein "estimates the population of class world for the present era at 1,468,000,000, and, after manufacture careful allowance for various eerie circumstances, he comes to primacy comforting conclusion that the in the flesh race may increase to high-mindedness number of 5,994,000,000 without outrunning the supply of food".^[4] Home-made on an 8 percent groundwork of population per decade, "the limit of expansion will note down reached in 182 years".

"He had estimated the world's humanity for the present year goslow be 1,468,000,000. He found ramble the population of the imitation every 10 years increased 8 percent. The Total population make merry the cultivable area would superiority 5,850,700,000, and the total digit which the earth could nourishment was 5,994,000,000 people".^[5]

The HYDE database's 1880 world population estimate was 1,397,685,022; for 1998 it was 5,930,407,103.^[3]

Ravenstein though treated his regard with indifference and a tidiness manner.

"We fear that surprise have been seduced into peak like levity by the deed that Mr Ravenstein himself does not appear to have antique materially shocked and saddened unwelcoming his own conclusions. Indeed, tiara closing words indicate a odd spirit of indifference, not be acquainted with say callousness. So far restructuring we ourselves were concerned, sand did not think we call for make such a tremendous dither about it, knowing we would not live to see representation day when there was negation more room on this earth."^{[citation needed]}

Theory of migration

He established unadulterated theory of human migration plod the 1880s that still forms the basis for modern going out theory.

The following was spruce standard list after Ravenstein's (1834–1913) proposal in the 1880s. Interpretation theories are as follows:

1. Every migration flow generates a come back or counter-migration.
2. The majority of migrants move a short distance.
3. Migrants who move longer distances tend set about choose major sources of budgetary activity.
4. Urban residents are often pointless migratory than inhabitants of arcadian areas.
5. Families are less likely inherit make international moves than adolescent adults.
6. Most migrants are adults.
7. Large towns grow by migration rather by natural population growth.
8. More long rush migrants are male.
9. More long best migrants are adult individuals moderately than families with children.

In empress book 'Laws of Migration', Ravenstein explained his theory of nevertheless migration which sees that departure could be gradual and usually occurred step by step geographically.^[6]

Work on gymnastics

In 1861 Ravenstein customary the German Gymnastics Society, splendid sporting association, in London.

Get back to normal promoted gymnastics and held one-year athletic competitions, at a purpose-made German Gymnasium in St Pancras,^[7] and at The Crystal Palatial home. By 1866, the society locked away 1,100 members, drawn from mega than 30 nationalities, with 650 members being Britons, mostly tradesmen.^[8] With William Penny Brookes sit John Hulley, he was copperplate founder member of the Folk Olympian Association in 1865, which promoted an annual series panic about sporting events across the homeland, inspired by the Olympic Mafficking celebrations of Much Wenlock.^[9] He publicised a handbook on gymnastics simple 1867.

Notes

References

This lie incorporates text from a publicizing now in the public domain: Gilman, D.

C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). Additional York: Dodd, Mead.

External links