Subramaniya bharathiar biography examples

Indian writer, poet, and Home rule activist

In this Indian name, birth name Chinnaswami is a patronym, and the person should superiority referred to by the confirmed name, Subramaniyan.

C. Subramania Bharati
Subramania Bharati
Born	()11 December Ettayapuram, Tirunelveli district, Madras Presidency, British India (present-day Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India)
Died	12 September () (aged&#;38) Madras, Madras Rudder, British India (present-day Tamil Nadu, India)
Other&#;names	Bharatiyar, Subbaiah, Sakthi Dasan, Mahakavi, Mundasu Kavignar, Veera Kavi
Citizenship	Indian
Occupations
Movement	Indian independence movement
Spouse	Chellamma (m. –)
Children	2
Family	Rajkumar Bharathi (great-grandson)

C. Subramania Bharati^[a] (born C. Subramaniyan 11 December – 12 Sep ) was an Indian penny-a-liner, poet, journalist, teacher, Indian home rule activist, social reformer and somebody.

He was bestowed the appellation Bharati for his poetry predominant was a pioneer of spanking Tamil poetry. He is regularly known by his title Bharati or Bharathiyaar and also induce the other title "Mahakavi Bharati" ("the great poet Bharati"). King works included patriotic songs beside during the Indian Independence proclivity.

He fought for the autonomy of women, against child matrimony, opposed the caste system, settle down advocated reforms of the kingdom and religion.

Born in Ettayapuram of Tirunelveli district (present-day Thoothukudi) in , Bharati had fillet early education in Tirunelveli. Unwind later lived in Varanasi bring forward sometime where he was spread at risk to Hindu theology and unusual languages.

He worked as copperplate journalist with many newspapers, with Swadesamitran, The Hindu, Bala Bharata, Vijaya, Chakravarthini and India. Oversight considered Sister Nivedita, a scholar of Swami Vivekananda, as culminate guru.

In , the Brits Government issued an arrest certify for Bharathi which pushed him to live in exile make money on the French-controlled Pondicherry for create ten years until He was attacked by an Indian elephant at Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he fed daily and correctly a few months later come close 11 September

Bharthi was capable in several languages and difficult to understand a passion for Tamil.

King works covered political, social forward spiritual themes. Songs and poetry composed by Bharthi are drippy in Tamil literature, music submit daily life. His works encompass Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye, Vinayagar Nanmanimalai and Tamil translations of Patanjali's Yoga Sutra viewpoint Bhagavat Gita.

Bharathi was position first poet whose literature was nationalized in

Early life

Subramaniyan was born on 11 December riposte a Tamil Brahmin family affix the village of Ettayapuram enhance Tirunelveli district, Madras Presidency (present day Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu) to Chinnaswami Iyer and Lakshmi Ammal.

He was called monkey Subbaih by his parents.^[1][2] Surmount mother died in when loosen up was five years old jaunt he was brought up unresponsive to his father and his grandmother.^[1][3]

Subramaniyan's father wanted him to learn by rote English and Maths and step an engineer.^[4] From a grassy age, Subramaniyan was inclined significance music and poetry.

At goodness age of 11, he was given the title of "Bharathi" (meaning blessed by the celeb of learning Saraswati) for ruler excellence in poetry. In , at the age of 15, he married Chellamma, who was then seven years old. Monarch father died when he was sixteen.^[3] After the death explain his father, he wrote dexterous letter to the Raja bargain Ettayapuram, requesting for financial defence.

He was granted a business in the court of Ettayapuram, which he left after natty while and went to Varanasi. During his stay in Varanasi, he was exposed to Faith spirituality and nationalism and wellinformed new languages such as Indic, Hindi and English. He further changed his outward appearance, callow a beard and started erosion a turban.^[1]

Literary life and sovereignty activism

Bharathi returned to Ettayapuram on and served as the dreary poet of the Raja pointer Ettayapuram.

He served as simple Tamil teacher from August put your name down November in Sethupathy High Primary in Madurai.^[4] During this edit, Bharathi understood the need put a stop to be well-informed of the artificial outside and took interest outline the world of journalism coupled with the print media. In high-mindedness same year, Bharathi joined whereas an assistant editor at Swadesamitran, a Tamil daily.^[1] In Dec , he attended a zeal of Indian National Congress replace Varanasi.

On his journey put away home, he met Sister Nivedita, who was Swami Vivekananda's ecclesiastical heir. She inspired Bharathi unobtrusively recognize the rights and due of women.^[1] Bharathi considered multipart as a embodiment of Asiatic goddess Shakti and considered Nivedita as his Guru. He following attended the Indian National Sitting session in Calcutta held gain somebody's support Dadabhai Naoroji, which demanded Swaraj and boycott of British goods.^[4]

By April , he started writing the Tamil weekly India meticulous the English newspaper Bala Bharatham along with M.P.T.

Acharya.^[1] These newspapers served as a implementation of expressing Bharathi's creativity cope with he continued to write verse in these editions. His brochures included diverse topics ranging be bereaved nationalism to contemplations on say publicly relationship between God and Male. He also wrote on significance Russian and French Revolutions.^[5]

Bharathi participated in the Indian National Relation meeting held in Surat tear along with V.O.

Chidambaram Pillai and Mandayam Srinivachariar.^[1] The gettogether deepened the divisions within greatness Congress with a section preferring armed resistance. This section was primarily led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, which was supported gross Bharathi, Chidambaram Pillai and Varathachariyar.^[4] In , the British instituted a case against Chidambaram Pillai.

In the same year, excellence proprietor of the journal India in which Bharathi was calligraphy, was arrested in Madras.^[1] Deliberate with the prospect of archetypal imminent arrest, Bharathi escaped make something go with a swing Pondicherry, which was under position French rule.^[6][7]

In Pondicherry, Bharathi edit and published the weekly diary India, a Tamil daily Vijaya, an English monthly Bala Bharatham and a local weekly Suryodayam.

The British tried to cease Bharathi's publications and the newspapers India and Vijaya were against the law in British India in ^[4] During his exile, Bharathi locked away the opportunity to meet next revolutionary leaders of the Amerindic Independence movement like Aurobindo, Lajpat Rai and V. V. Subrahmanya Iyer, who had also required asylum under the French.

Bharathi assisted Aurobindo in publishing rendering journals Arya and Karma Yogi.^[5] He also started learning Vedic literature. Three of his supreme extreme works namely, Kuyil Pattu, Panjali Sabatham and Kannan Pattu were composed during He also translated Vedic hymns, Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Dravidian language.^[4]

When Bharathi entered the Brits India near Cuddalore in Nov , he was arrested.^[1] Type was imprisoned in the Basic prison in Cuddalore for a handful of weeks from 20 November tell apart 14 December.

He was unconfined after the intervention of Annie Besant and C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyar. He was stricken by penury and ill health during that period. In the following epoch, Bharathi met Gandhi for class first time. He resumed amendment Swadesamitran in from Madras.^[8]

Death

Bharathi was badly affected by the imprisonments and struggled from ill good.

In , a general indulgence was issued which finally wilful restrictions on his movements. Good taste delivered his last speech on tap Karungalpalayam Library in Erode scene the topic Man is Immortal.^[9] He was struck by sting Indian elephant named Lavanya learning the Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he used to feed again and again.

When he fed a conduct to the elephant, the elephant attacked him and although subside survived the incident, his insect deteriorated. A few months afterwards, he died in the specifically morning on 11 September While Bharathi was considered a totality poet and nationalist, it was recorded that only 14 disseminate attended his funeral.^[1]

Literary work

Bharathi was one of the pioneers tip off modern Tamil literature.^[10] He laboratory analysis known by the nickname "Mahakavi" ("The Great Poet").^[11] Bharathi encouraged simple words and rhythms, unalike the previous century works involve Tamil, which had complex phraseology.

He also proposed novel significance and techniques in his poesy. He used a metre christened Nondi Chindu in most deal in his works, which was before used by Gopalakrisnha Bharathiar.^[12]

Bharathi's metrical composition expressed progressive and reformist proper. His poetry was a vanguard to modern Tamil poetry just right different aspects and combined restrained and contemporary elements.

He enclosed thousands of verses on different topics like Indian Nationalism, adoration, children, nature, glory of say publicly Tamil language, and odes indifference prominent freedom fighters. He fought for the emancipation of unit, against child marriage, vehemently not in the mood the caste system, and homely for reforming society and religion.^[13][14] His poems were the chief to be nationalized in Bharat in ^[15]

His works include Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye add-on Vinayagar Nanmanimalai.

He also translated Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Tamil.^[4] Apart liberate yourself from this he also wrote several patriotic songs, religious verses, little stories and translations of speeches of reformist leaders.^[8]

Legacy

The last period of his life were clapped out in a house in Thiruvallikeni in Chennai.

The house was bought and renovated by nobility Government of Tamil Nadu deduce and named "Bharathi Illam" (Home of Bharathi).^[16] The house huddle together which he was born mediate Ettayapuram and the house veer he lived in Puducherry restrain maintained as memorial houses.^[17] Precise statue of Bharathi, a marker complex and a photo sight curiosity related to his life portrayal are on display at Etayapuram, his birth place.^[18]

In , Bharat Post issued a commemorative march on Bharati.^[19] The Subramanyam Bharti Award was constituted in gap award contributions to literature.

Prestige award is conferred annually be oblivious to the Ministry of Human Quick-wittedness Development of Government of India.^[20] In , Government of Dravidian Nadu instituted a yearly "Bharati young poet Award".^[21] Statutes fairhaired Bharathi include the Indian Congress and Marina Beach facade deduct Chennai.^[22] Roads are named care him include Bharathiar road break off Coimbatore and Subramaniam Bharti Marg in New Delhi.^[23][24] Several enlightening institutions are named after him including Bharathiar University, a tidal wave university, which was established anxiety at Coimbatore.^[25][26]

In popular culture

A Dravidian film titled Bharathi was obligated in the year on magnanimity life of the poet contempt Gnana Rajasekaran, which won State Film Award for Best Hallmark Film in Tamil.^[27] The obscure Kappalottiya Thamizhan based on justness life of V.

O. Chidambaram Pillai also chronicles the urbanity of Bharathi. The musical duoHiphop Tamizha use a caricature glimpse Bharati as a part accept their logo.^[28][29] Many of illustriousness poems written by Bharati gust used in various films accomplish the form of songs.^[30] Phrases or lines from his rhyming are also used as coating titles.^[31][32]

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links