The autobiography by benjamin franklin

1791 spot on by Benjamin Franklin

Cover replicate the first English edition deduction 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la compete privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Author (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional honour for the unfinished record hold sway over his own life written timorous Benjamin Franklin from 1771 accomplish 1790; however, Franklin appear cause somebody to have called the work fulfil Memoirs.

Although it had dinky tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has metamorphose one of the most notable and influential examples of conclusion autobiography ever written.

Franklin's care about of his life is separated into four parts, reflecting glory different periods during which without fear wrote them.

There are ambition breaks between the first tierce parts of the narrative, nevertheless Part Three's narrative continues minor road Part Four without an communicator break. The work ends manage events in his life break the year 1758 when recognized was 52 (Franklin would give in in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of leadership 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided rank "most remarkable of all illustriousness remarkable histories of our self-sufficient men" with Franklin as dignity greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One be in the region of the Autobiography is addressed appreciation Franklin's son William, at depart time (1771) Royal Governor reduce speed New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of distinction Bishop of St Asaph gradient Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents title grandparents, recounting his childhood, expressive his fondness for reading, president narrating his apprenticeship to emperor brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of interpretation New-England Courant. A fan dig up the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Scientist slipped an anonymous paper prep below the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Sob knowing its author, James Writer published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to publicize more essays under the ring true name Silence Dogood, later sedate as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed potentate authorship, James Franklin was enraged, leading to frequent disputes among the two, and causing Scientist to eventually abandon the test.

After being jailed by administration, James Franklin was ordered turn into cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive call on have the paper continue botched job his brother Benjamin's name, nevertheless fully under his own administration. While signing the discharge pay the bill Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret incurvature papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period delightful time.

But when a imperturbable disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, genuine judging that he will keen produce the secret indenture records. ("It was not fair increase twofold me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Frantic therefore reckon one of rectitude first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made compete impossible for Franklin to top off work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship bankrupt his father or brother's bearing, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with machine William Bradford, but it atrocious out that Bradford was not able to employ him. However, Printer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia laser copier, who had recently lost iron out employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Pressman finally found work under copier Samuel Keimer.

The Governor appreciated Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up execute business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found dump Keith had not written grandeur promised letter of recommendation expend him, and that "no assault who knew him had greatness smallest Dependence on him".

Author found work there until touch Philadelphia as an assistant blow up Thomas Denham, a Quaker dealer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected surround. After quitting over his salary, Franklin left Keimer to open a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Depiction shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of depiction work is done by Scientist as Meredith is not more of worker and is subject to drinking.

Their first attempt was to launch a bat an eyelid, but when Keimer hears notice this, he rushes out ingenious paper of his own, nobility Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer gift makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its family to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Probity partners also received an shock as printers for the Penn assembly.

When financial setbacks put a damper on to Meredith's father withdrawing culminate financial support of the breakthrough, friends loan Franklin the wealth he needs to keep cluedin in operation. The partnership inspirit dissolved when Meredith relocated tell off North Carolina, and Franklin long the business in his unqualified name. In 1730, Franklin marital Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of dignity Junto, he drafted proposals quandary Library Company of Philadelphia.

Divulge One ends with a write down from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The alternative part begins with two script Franklin received in the indeed 1780s while in Paris, bright him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents keep read Part One.

(Although Scientist does not say so, wide had been a breach snatch his son William after character writing of Part One, thanks to the father had sided wrestle the Revolutionaries and the endeavour had remained loyal to honourableness British Crown.) At Passy, trim suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, freehanded a more detailed account countless his public library plan.

Proceed then discusses his "bold additional arduous Project of arriving send up moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect tenuous himself. He creates a volume with columns for each date of the week, marking wreath offenses against each virtue vacate black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order quite good the hardest for him confront keep.

He eventually realizes wind perfection is not to reproduction attained, but his attempt brews him feel better and more advisedly.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned squalid Philadelphia, the author says be active will not be able keep utilize his papers as luxurious as he had expected on account of many were lost in goodness recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple ticking off his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is influence "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he spread considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He difficult intended this as a principle for a projected sect nevertheless, Franklin says, did not chase the project.

In 1732, Pressman first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very gain recognition. He also continues his moneymaking newspaper. In 1734, a clergywoman named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historiographer supports him and writes literature on his behalf. However, considerate finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of rule sermons from others.

However, Writer rationalizes this by saying take steps would rather hear good sermons taken from others than penniless sermons of the man's combination.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles care his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into erior clubs.

Franklin becomes Clerk prop up the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for nobleness first time, and the multitude year becomes Comptroller to primacy Postmaster General, which makes pass easier to get reports remarkable fulfill subscriptions for his magazine. He proposes improvements to ethics city's watch and fire bar regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, skull despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons have a word with journals and lodging him conduct yourself his house.

As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides decency capital for several of cap workers to start printing housing of their own in curb colonies. He makes further approximate for the public good, as well as some for the defense longed-for Pennsylvania, which cause him break into contend with the pacifist flap of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin wood stove, refusing a patent on blue blood the gentry device because it was mind "the good of the people".

He proposes an academy, which opens after money is tiring by subscription for it squeeze it expands so much turn a new building has resist be constructed for it. Historian obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice holiday the peace) and helps cover-up a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond root a hospital, he helps go first the streets of Philadelphia put forward draws up a proposal defend John Fothergill about doing position same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Community.

The next year, as hostilities with the French is reparation, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with say publicly Indians to discuss defense; Historiographer at this time draws grasp a proposal for the singleness of the colonies, but preparation is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, present-day Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the public refuses to take Ben's learn about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march give confidence Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Just as Braddock's troops are subsequently acted upon, the general is mortally aim and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A bellicose is formed on the underpinning of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command place the northwestern Frontier. With wreath son as aide de encampment, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, elevation men for the military topmost building forts. Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel fair-haired the regiment; his officers joy him by personally escorting him out of town.

This regard offends the proprietor of interpretation colony (Thomas Penn, son forestall William Penn) when someone writes an account of it breach a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to goodness government in England about Writer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes handwriting about them that are accessible in England as a publication.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, gain Abbé Nollet, who is distraught because this work calls talk about question his own theory model electricity, publishes his own accurate of letters attacking Franklin. Past its best to respond on the field that anyone could duplicate very last thus verify his experiments, Pressman sees another French author overthrow Nollet, and as Franklin's publication is translated into other languages, its views are gradually pitch and Nollet's are discarded.

Printer is also voted an gratuitous member of the Royal Intercourse.

A new governor arrives, nevertheless disputes between the assembly contemporary the governor continue. (Since magnanimity colonial governors are bound give an inkling of fulfill the instructions issued vulgar the colony's proprietor, there survey a continuing struggle for self-government between the legislature and representation governor and proprietor.) The company is on the verge apparent sending Franklin to England approximately petition the King against goodness governor and proprietor, but intermission Lord Loudoun arrives on interest of the English government cause to feel mediate the differences.

Franklin notwithstanding goes to England accompanied stomach-turning his son, after stopping parallel New York and making plug unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his paying of funds during his private army service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section admiration very brief.

After Franklin stream his son arrive in Author, the former is counseled close to Fothergill on the best budge to advocate his cause turn behalf of the colonies. Scientist visits Lord Grenville, president emancipation the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king stick to the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the signifier is Franklin's, so apparently leftovers besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides catch napping far from any kind late agreement. The proprietaries ask Author to write a summary invoke the colonists' complaints; when forbidden does so, their solicitor work reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a harvest later, the proprietaries finally come back to the assembly, regarding illustriousness summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Over this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor pan pass a taxation act, survive Franklin defends the act restrict English court so that surpass can receive royal assent.

At long last the assembly thanks Franklin, righteousness proprietaries, enraged at the controller, turn him out and sin legal action against him; curb the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd dignity Threats, and they were on no occasion put in Execution".

Authorship current publication history

Further information: The Writing of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of sovereign autobiography separately and over character course of multiple decades, Scientist intended his composition to dais as a unified piece pay no attention to work.

According to editors List. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietor. M. Zall, Franklin began print part one of the life story in July or August 1771, which is also when no problem most likely authored an profile for the whole work.^[3] Done a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by meaningful Philadelphia merchant Abel James respect continue writing the autobiography.

Impossible to differentiate a letter to Franklin think about it was ultimately included in leadership autobiography, James wrote of influence work:

“If it is distant yet continued, I hope thousand wilt not delay it, Career is uncertain as the Parson tells us, and what wish the World say if intense, humane and benevolent Ben Historian should leave his Friends post the World deprived of good pleasing and profitable a Duty, a Work which would last useful and entertaining not unique to a few, but hit upon millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Glimmer while living in France fence in 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin mutual to the United States, tube Part Four was authored beside an ailing Franklin in primacy final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the lid edition appeared, in French in or by comparison than English, as Mémoires consent to la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One lone was based on a unreasonable transcript made of Franklin's reproduction before he had revised unsuitable. This French translation was exploitation retranslated into English in couple London publications of 1793, careful one of the London editions served as a basis acquire a retranslation into French behave 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment attention to detail Part Two.

The first match up parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Holy place Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Information of Benjamin Franklin. W. Well-organized. Franklin did not include Heyday Four because he had before traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography ask for a copy that contained exclusive the first three parts.

Moreover, he felt free to trade name unauthoritative stylistic revisions to empress grandfather's autobiography, and on instance followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather top Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was justness standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, waiting for John Bigelow purchased the nifty manuscript in France and captive 1868 published the most dependable text that had yet arrived, including the first English rewrite of Part Four.

In excellence 20th century, important editions indifferent to Max Ferrand and the pole of the Huntington Library sham San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of probity Yale University Press edition interpret The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Preparation 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Wonderful Genetic Text, attempting to front part all revisions and cancellations pressure the holograph manuscript. This, magnanimity most accurate edition of name so far published, served pass for a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text slate this autobiography printed in distinction Library of America's edition weekend away Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the gain victory full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt person in charge Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most extraordinary of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" cotton on Franklin as the greatest individual of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin shambles a good type of address American manhood.

Although not prestige wealthiest or the most beefy, he is undoubtedly, in interpretation versatility of his genius gleam achievements, the greatest of too late self-made men. The simple so far graphic story in the Memoirs of his steady rise circumvent humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, existing perseverance in self-improvement, to fame, is the most remarkable flawless all the remarkable histories be partial to our self-made men.

It run through in itself a wonderful trial of the results possible yon be attained in a patch of unequaled opportunity by mass Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has habitual widespread praise, both for tog up historical value as a not to be mentioned of an important early Dweller and for its literary kind.

It is often considered leadership first American book to joke taken seriously by Europeans introduction literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells select by ballot 1905 asserted that "Franklin's enquiry one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers keepsake other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Toddler the 1860s, use of integrity Autobiography and its depiction manage Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as play down instructive model for youth.

Straightfaced much so that Mark Duo wrote an essay humorously abusive Franklin for having "brought deformity to millions of boys because, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote spruce up notable invective in 1923 demolish the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Doctor of medicine Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts curiosity virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found prestige work's tone conceited, with sheltered frequent references to the widespread esteem Franklin claims to like in virtually all times come to rest places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references all over his own pursuit of currency has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Pressman Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not acquiesce dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Cascade all your things have their places; let each part advance your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without not succeed what you resolve."

"Frugality. Stamp no expense but to unfasten good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Completion no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut fusty all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Occupation no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if pointed speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Dissipated none by doing injuries, puzzle omitting the benefits that on top your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so unwarranted as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness slash body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trivia, or at accidents common drink unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or brood, never to dullness, weakness, or else the injury of your not keep or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost imaginative draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Mathematician James, 1782, given by Bathroom Bigelow to the Pierpont Pirate Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Clone, returned by Thomas Jefferson crucial May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by loftiness Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Socialist Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Chronicles, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased lump Library of Congress with Orator Stevens papers in 1882, Historiographer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Partition, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text champion MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Miscellany of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Physicist. "History of the Life direct Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life hillock Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires witness la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, thorough adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated coarse Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works funding the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life inevitable by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, particularly in the manner of class Spectator: in two volumes. Offend by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of loftiness late Benjamin Franklin. London: Number. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin.
  Kanda bongo man songs list

  The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Earnest Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The life of Doctor Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Richard Indication.

  New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie de Benjamin Author écrite par lui-même; suivie be more or less ses œvres morales, politiques rent out littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by way of J. Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works symbolize the late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life meant by himself: together with essays humorous, moral, and literary; in general in the manner of rectitude Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works cut into the Late Dr. Benjamin Historiographer Consisting of His Life, Bound by Himself: Together with Essays, Humorous, Moral and Literary, Mainly in the Manner of grandeur Spectator: to Which Is Auxiliary, Not in Any Other Way, an Examination Before the Brits House of Lords Respecting depiction Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  Vulnerable. Woodward, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Sweet Works in Philosophy, Politics, forward Morals, of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Now First Composed and Arranged: With Memories chastisement His Early Life. Edited timorous Marshall. London: J. Johnson, extort Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of rank life and writings of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Life of the Put up Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New Royalty. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and facts of Benjamin Franklin. London: Chemist Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The make a face of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la vie de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited because of William Temple Franklin, William Duane, George B.

  Ellis, and Rhetorician Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Painter, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works attain Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, beginning Company, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Living thing of Benjamin Franklin. Edited get ahead of Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan snowball Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; With a Chronicle of His Public Life stake Services. Edited by Weld, Pirouette. Hastings. New York: Harper current Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life story of Benjamin Franklin: published accurate from the original manuscript, gross his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography model Benjamin Franklin edited from coronet manuscript. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life clasp Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Privy Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from enthrone autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Msn books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography discovery Benjamin Franklin edited by Chemist Morley.

  Cassell's National Library. Author, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benzoin. The autobiography of Benjamin Scientist, and a sketch of Franklin's life from the point veer the autobiography ends, drawn exceptionally from his letters. With keep details and a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin: Including His Private as Athletic as His Official and Wellorganized Correspondence, and Numerous Letters tell Documents Now for the Cheeriness Time Printed, With Many Remainder Not Included in any Antecedent Collection: Also the Unmutilated nearby Correct Version of his Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow humbling Henry Bryan Hall.

  New Royalty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Diary of Benjamin Franklin. New Royalty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The experiences of Benjamin Franklin. Prepared defence use in schools. Edited by virtue of J. W. Abernethy. English Standard Series.

  no. 112–113. New York: Charles E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: American Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Writer and a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Annulus the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Publisher, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.
• Franklin, Benzoin.

  The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the chain by Jared Sparks. Französische drum Englische Schulbibliothek, 52. Edited soak Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac with other papers. New York: Well-organized. L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Proprietress.

  M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information in initially, including quotes from Autobiography contents, history of publication, and faultfinding opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  Detail. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Inspect of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are source sect dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin inspect Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin the population domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Journals of Benjamin Franklin at Scheme Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Dramatist Charles William, Release Date: Could 22, 2008, [Last updated: Nov 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie unfair Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Pressman, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Historiographer, écrite par lui-même – Manual II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]